CT coronary calcium score: refining cardiovascular risk
A CT coronary calcium score measures calcified plaque in the coronary arteries, which supply blood to the heart muscle. Calcified plaque is a marker of atherosclerosis, or coronary artery disease, and is expressed as a calcium score.[5]
The assessment can refine cardiovascular risk alongside blood pressure, cholesterol, diabetes, smoking, family history, age and other factors. It may be useful when a clinician is considering risk reduction or prevention strategies.
A coronary calcium score is not a complete cardiovascular health check. It does not measure softer, non-calcified plaque, and it does not show whether an artery is narrowed. A score should never be used alone to dismiss concerning symptoms or replace a clinician’s assessment. In particular, chest pain, breathlessness, fainting, sudden sweating, pain spreading to the arm, jaw or back, or other acute symptoms need urgent medical evaluation rather than a routine screening booking.
The scan uses X-rays. The dose varies according to the equipment and protocol, so it is better to describe it as a CT-based examination selected after risk assessment rather than promise a standard dose for every person. A calcium score typically does not require contrast injection, but the responsible imaging team will explain the planned protocol and preparation.
Tell the team if you are pregnant or may be pregnant, and disclose medical conditions, medications and allergies. If a result indicates a need for further review, the next step may include discussion with a doctor, cardiologist or another appropriate specialist.